Patent Heat Map

Please click the circles for more details on the individual genome-editing techniques.

Number of patents granted:
1-3
4-10
11-30
31-100
101～

	Target: DNA		Target: RNA
A. Recognition modules Identify a specific base sequence in a genome	Nucleotide-guided CRISPR-Cas9 2/215	Protein-guided ZF 12/771 TALE 5/258 dPPR 1/1	rPPR 4/12
B. Editing technologies Introduce diverse modifications based on a variety of enzymatic domains	Enzymatic domains FokⅠ (strand cleavage) 5/94 Deaminase (amino group removal) 1/51 Glycosylases (base excision) 0/58 Recombinases 2/111
	Applicable to all organisms Knock-in 2/71 *low efficiency		Translational control 3/29
	Useful in plant cell lines
C. Delivery systems Transfer editing tools into plant cells	Agrobacterium 1/49 PEG 0/18 Particle gun 0/13 Electroporation 1/77 Membrane-permeable peptides 1/34 Nanoneedle 1/2

Number of published international patent applications: Japan/worldwide.
[Source: PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty) Survey, January 1995 to December 2015]